Modern Scientific Approach and Ayurveda

Science means knowledge but this is a knowledge with an attitude. Knowledge for science is a proven knowledge. Furthermore there are parameters of the proof. Knowledge becomes scientific knowledge when it can be quantitatively analyzed. A definitively perceptive knowledge, but not understood quantitatively, cannot be scientific within this scope of scientific knowledge. Modern science has also grown and still growing to add new perspectives to its credits.

Process of development is better understood by studying the history of that thing. The study of the social perception during a particular time in the history also gives the clearer idea of the situation that prompted development of the particular aspect. A review of the history of the science, in the same way, reveals the development of science.

Until the 18 th century, science and philosophy were not regarded as separate discipline. The discipline of philosophy dealing with the nature of universe was termed as natural philosophy. The natural philosophy, later on, developed to be called as science. It is quite obvious that earliest scientists were philosophers. The increase in the data of factual knowledge was profound in the later years so it became impossible for a single person to track the record in the field of science. Purpose of the philosophy in science became restricted to put only enquiries in the validity of scientific methods. Natural philosophy became the philosophy of science. The surge in the development of scientific methods and the usefulness of the science in the everyday life was so overwhelming that the universal implication of science that was dealt in philosophy slowly took the back seat.

After the establishment of modern science, we can arrange the major changes in its perspective as under.

  • When world view of Greeks gave way to Newtonian physics
  • When Newtonian physics was overwhelmed by theory of relativity and quantum theory

Nevertheless these larger changes in the perspective of science were not abrupt in the true sense but preceded by the gradual change in perception due to failure of previous scientific assumptions. These were sudden changes in thought, which could explain those failures.

The desire to formulate a generalization or a theory that can explain everything had been further strengthened by the knowledge of celestial phenomenon. The development of astronomy into space research had wider implication. It was found that our earth is nothing but part of a universe that is spreading since long that cannot be known with determinism and will continue to do so that is not known with determinism. It leads to postulation of many hypotheses. The most respected of them is big bang theory. It opened the horizon for a theory of origin of universe and earth from that universe. Life on the earth is nothing but extension of changes that are induced in the universe due to localized fluctuations. This prompted the rise of holistic approach giving a big jolt to the scientific objectivity and thereafter universal subjectivity has emerged as the future course of science.

So, the origin of human being is understood, with quite a conviction, as a continuous process of change that started at Big Bang. The formation of stars and planets was studied that revealed great amount of information regarding the basic plan of formation of stars and planets. Attempt was made to gather the facts to theorize them in a general theory.

In spite of all its success the science remained an enterprise without ethics and religion. It had happened due to dominance of efficient causes. Rejection of the final cause and the formal cause had made the science a phenomenon governed by the past experiences than the futuristic vision. In fact the tide has turned again towards acceptance of formal causes and final causes by discovery of human genome and its implications with development of futuristic vision.

Overawed by the intoxicating advance of modern science, we have forgotten to live in harmony with nature. Emergence of holistic approach, as a dominating way of life in future, has again revived the concept of universal harmony.

Here lies the scope of Ayurveda.